Regulations

Purpose: This study is a descriptive research study attempted to provide basic data with a view to improve the quality of life by identifying the impact on the quality of life for the subjects of local religious community. Prior to the start of the study, a review of the research was requested, and the G-W University Research Ethics Review Committee approved of it. Method: As for the data collection, the final 253 copies were used for the analysis of the adults who attended the retreat. The collected data were analyzed by the descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and the multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 25.0 statistical program. Results: As a result of the study, the health promoting lifestyle(r=.431, p<.001), depression(r=-.381, p<.001), religious activities(r=.275, p<.001) and the quality of life were all significant in correlation. The factors influencing the quality of life of the research subjects were the health promoting lifestyle(β=.335, p<.001), depression(β=-.275, p<.001), and the religious activities(β=.144, p=.011), while the explanatory power was 33.0%. Conclusion: Through this study, it is necessary to develop a program which can improve the quality of life along with the continuous religious activities.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to check the status and the actual condition of sports private certificates registration of sports members of the Korea Sports Association after the implementation of the Framework Act on Qualifications and to provide data on how to improve the registration system by deriving non-compliance factors. Method: This study was conducted using qualitative case study methodology based on the literature research methodology, and to derive the results of the study, related literature data on sports private certificates was collected to understand the activity content and status. It collected materials through academic papers, reports, books, cases, media articles, and Internet searches, and conducted in-depth interviews with analysis of literature materials to find current status of issuance, operational status, and how to improve. Research participants were selected and data were collected to explore specific research methods for the study. Results: First, it was found that after the special announcement of the Korea Sports Association, the qualification registration of from 6 Korea Sports Association affiliated organizations in 2018 to 19 in 2019 were surveyed, and it has been steadily increasing so far, affecting the awareness of the registration system, but detailed management measures are needed. Second, non-affiliated organizations have as many as 40 sports registration courses in the order of gymnastics, golf, and swimming, and gymnastics are issued by 114 organizations with the popularisation of health gymnastics and job prospects expected, suggesting an increase in the number of issuers, and it aims at promoting it to a private official recognition qualification by securing public confidence and managing transparency. Third, the priorities for improving the sports private qualification system were false, exaggerated, and false advertising on the issue of private sports licences, considered the biggest problem. It was found that improvements were needed in the order of a certificate of qualifications and qualification system of unregistered publishing organizations, lack of linked education after obtaining qualifications, and poor operation of educational training institutions. As a way to raise awareness of sports private certificates, legal action by unregistered institutions is most urgent, followed by various strategic measures for publicity boost, inducement of registration through intervention of relevant ministries(Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism), and establishment of a system for nurturing professional qualification personnel.. Fourth, establishment of an exclusive management department of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Korea Sports Council are the most urgent tasks to create a sports private qualification system, and measures need to be taken in the order of improvement of law for qualification system and the system, continuous research, and government intervention. Conclusion: According to this study, a sports private qualification system can be improved, first, through detailed management measures, secondly, through public confidence and transparency management, thirdly, by improving poor operation of private certificates and creating strategic measures through relevant ministries' intervention, fourthly, by establishing a dedicated management department to create a sports private qualification system and by improving the qualification system law and system and regulation of the qualification market through government intervention.

Purpose: In this study, it look in to the direction of smart healthcare in Korea and would like to make sure possibility of healthcare service in non-medical area. In this contents, when non healthcare provider provide medical healthcare service in Korean, it can be judged what to be against the medical treatment action, furthermore, through the utilization of smart healthcare, it would be helpful to identify in the broaden professional behavior and business scope. Method: This study was conducted to look over the concept of smart healthcare, the scope of utilization in the non-healthcare service area and then to recognize what the counter strategy can be moved to which way. To achieve the goal of this study, it is confirmed to be referred the bio health report which is issued from Korea Health Industry Development Institute and the non-medical care service guideline and casebook. Results: As a result of the study, first, the introduction and step-by-step factors for establishing a smart health environment that are being implemented in Korea were confirmed. Second, the concept of non-medical healthcare services and detailed classification according to provision were examined. Third, smart healthcare technology trends and usage plans in non-medical healthcare services were confirmed. Conclusion: In order Smart healthcare is grafted with social networks, and unlike the conventional passive and one-sided healthcare services, acceptance and accuracy are expanding based on big data. In addition, the active participation of users is expected to induce cooperation, creating high-quality services and providing multi-dimensional services. Therefore, in the future, it is expected that the composition of an appropriate execution program in the non-medical healthcare service area will create various values ​​in the local community.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss characteristics of China’s legal warfare and its strategic implications to ongoing regional disputes in Asia Pacific. The study aims to present the origin, major characteristics, cases of legal warfare by China. Additionally, the study will argue that China’s legal warfare will highly likely to be implemented in future politico-military conflicts at the Korean Peninsula, too. Method: This article presents the origin, major characteristics, cases of legal warfare of China, and its possible implications to the security of Korea. In order to proceed the study, various academic references are quoted in this article; including other journal articles, books, and governmental publications. Results: Based on the study, the following findings can be deduced. First, legal warfare of China is originated from the idea of unrestricted warfare in the late 1990s; as an asymmetrical approach to evade military superiority of the U.S and gain strategic initiative at politico-military conflicts in East Asia. Second, the originality of China’s legal warfare is that it uses legal systems as a political and diplomatic weapon: 1)to undermine adversary’s activities; and 2)to justify its own measures at international disputes. Consequently, legal warfare by China can be conducted in both offensive and defensive manners. And third, China’s legal warfare is already applied in practice at a number of regional disputes; such as ongoing conflicts at the East China Sea, the South China Sea, and the Taiwan Strait. Conclusion: As strategic competition between the U.S. and China is getting fierce, geopolitical vulnerability of the Korean Peninsula can be heightened in the present and future. It will make legal warfare by China more substantial challenge to the national security of Korea. Therefore, Korea needs to develop capabilities and systems to effectively deal with threats from China’s legal warfare.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to prepare a criminal law response system through criminal sanctions in order to prevent the seriousness of hate expressions and hate crimes that have recently been a social problem. this study aims to examine the problems of hate expression, examine the necessity of state intervention, that is, criminal punishment, and examine legislation related to regulation in detail. Method: First of all, this study tries to define the meaning of hate expression. This is because there is no unified definition of hate expression. Second, I would like to examine the response to hate expressions in Britain, Germany, the United States, and Japan through comparative legal considerations. Third, it examines whether freedom of expression can be restricted under the constitution in relation to freedom of expression, which is a fundamental right under the constitution. Fourth, the nature of hate expression and the necessity of criminal punishment are reviewed in relation to the criminal punishment regulations for hate expression. To do this, it reviews the decision of the Constitutional Court. Finally, I would like to make a prudent proposal for the anti-discrimination law that regulates hate speech. Previous studies on hate expression mainly focus on the definition of hate expression, foreign legislative examples of hate expression, and research on the harmfulness of hate expression. Results: Expression of hate is “public remarks that express disgust or incite violence toward individuals or groups based on race, religion, gender, region, or gender identity”. Or, it can be defined as "expressing hostility as communication that can cause violence against a certain group, and dismantling the community by stigmatizing and persecuting social minorities." Since hate expression is an act of killing the soul, state intervention is justified. Hate speech must be regulated through criminal punishment, cannot be protected indefinitely by freedom of expression, and must be reviewed comprehensively with democratic values. Conclusion: Hatred is not simply an emotion of dislike. Hatred has no expiration date if it spreads through ideology and collectively created, educated, and learned. Cruel hatred has also led politicians and powerful people to scapegoat irresistible people by using the anger directed at them. Hate expression infringes on the dignity of each individual member of the target group. In particular, if the expression of hatred against a specific group or social minority who has been discriminated against for a long period of time violates human dignity and values.

Purpose: College life is perhaps the largest task of college students during the late period of their youth in their developmental phase, which is also a crucial task directly leading to their future satisfaction of life. However, college students in Korea are admitted without a proper preparation due to their academic centric education and blind focus on grades and scores, thereby undergoing much confusion in the process. This paper presents data of importance to help a successful adaptation to college life by clarifying the effect of the learned helplessness formed through the repeated failures on the adaptation to college life in detail. While previous studies have been limited on the effect of the learned helplessness on the learning process, this study seeks to specifically verify the effect on the adaptation to college life. Method: By undertaking reference research, the factors impeding the successful adaptation to college life are identified, while the concept, characteristics, and the basic aspects of the factors are summarized, and how the factors cause a negative effect on the adaptation to college life is clarified in detail. Result: Learned helplessness brings about negative predictions even under new circumstances even while repeated failures are experienced. The negative expectations formed as such cause the loss of new attempts or practical behaviors, thereby gravely impeding the behavioral practice required for the adaptation to college life. This further causes a serious negative impact on the formation of self identity and career path development. To form the self identity and develop an appropriate career path, one needs to have a positive attitude and find and practice various activities, yet being trapped in the learned helplessness causes passive attitude, negatively impacting the achievement of any developmental task. Moreover, learned helplessness causes negative emotions including dpression and anxiety, while impeding the emotional adaptation to college life. Conclusion: As examined throughout this study, it was discovered that the learned helplessness causes a negative impact on the adaptation to college life across various areas. Therefore, colleges and universities ought to actively make efforts for the successful adaptation to college life by rolling out various programs which can help their students address the learned helplessness.

Purpose: This paper intends to find alternatives to strengthen global governance in vaccine distribution amid the rise of vaccine nationalism in the international community. To this end, Chapter 2 briefly outlines the risks of vaccine nationalism and the concept of global governance. Chapter 3 examines the status of vaccine development in major countries and Chapter 4 suggests ways to establish global vaccine governance. Chapter 5 summarizes the previous discussions and suggests a policy alternative for securing vaccines for the ROK. Method: The spread of COVID-19 has led to the fall of neoliberalism, but to end the COVID-19 pandemic, only infectious disease control through strengthening transformative neo-liberal way of strengthening international governance can overcome the vaccine nationalism. Global Governance refers to the performance of various interested parties through horizontal cooperation to achieve a common purpose, especially the public purpose. Results: The policy alternatives to overcome vaccination nationalism and end the global COVID-19 pandemic are as follows. First, it is possible to effectively respond to various infectious diseases in the future by strengthening the disease management function of the UN and rearranging of WHO for the fair distribution of vaccines. Second, AI technology-based platforms can be used to optimize the use of early warning and mobilize necessary resources for preventive measures. Third, patent rights for vaccine manufacturing technologies should be revoked and vaccines should be produced and administered simultaneously regardless of country or patent to prevent the spread. Fourth, measures to limit national sovereignty at the global governance level should be clearly defined. Fifth, cooperation with WHO and transnational pharmaceutical companies, and NGO, IGO(Intergovernmental Organization) are key to combating vaccination nationalism's politics. Conclusion: The implications of major countries' vaccine development and vaccine diplomacy for the ROK are as follows. First, the ROK also needs to continue to develop vaccines and treatments, foster human resources in related fields, and establish active international cooperation. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the international system to develop vaccines and treatments. Third, it is necessary to actively secure vaccines through the production of a licensing method that introduces technology, not just consignment production in Korea, or equity investment in overseas vaccine companies, which requires the government's full support for the industry.